DHYG-180 Pain Management

Credits 3 / 2 Contact Hours
Pre-requisite: Program Eligibility Requirements; Coordinator's signature required to register in this course; Placement into ENGL-100 (ACSR-100), completion of ELAP-120 with a 2.0, or completion of RDNG-030, ACLT-075 or ACLT-076. Co-requisite: DHYG-180L
This course will provide the student with basic current concepts of local anesthetic and pain control for the safe and effective administration of local anesthetics and nitrous oxide/oxygen sedation. This course will prepare candidates for the NERB examination for local anesthesia and nitrous oxide/oxygen sedation certification.

Course Outcomes
1. Define pain 2. List the functions of pain 3. Define and explain pain perception 4. Define and explain pain reaction threshold 5. Define and explain pain threshold 6. List the factors that affect the pain reaction threshold 7. Explain the sensory pathway of pain perception and reaction 8. Discuss the Gate Control theory 9. Describe the physiological process of pain perception and nerve conduction 10. Discuss methods of pain control 11. Describe the anatomy of a neuron 12. Describe the physiology of nerve conduction 13. Explain how local anesthetics work to block nerve conduction 14. Name and describe the major divisions of the trigeminal nerve 15. Given the name of each of the divisions of the trigeminal nerve, name and describe the branch of that division and the structures they supply 16. Describe the location of the anatomical landmarks and relate their significance to major dental anesthetic injections 17. Name and describe the location and function of the four muscles of mastication 18. Name the vessels in close proximity to the injection sites 19. Name and describe the properties of an ideal local anesthetic 20. Describe the changes in nerve conduction resulting from the administration of local anesthetics 21. Discuss the effect pH has on ionization of local anesthetics 22. Describe the chemical classes of local anesthetics 23. Given the name of a local anesthetic, describe the classification, onset of action, duration, metabolism and excretion 24. Calculate maximum safe doses of local anesthetics 25. Discuss the pharmacology of vasoconstrictors 26. Relate the basic chemical properties of vasoconstrictors with the clinical application of local anesthetics 27. List the systemic complications associated with local anesthesia 28. List the most common local complications associated with the administration of local anesthetics 29. Describe the manner of preventing, recognizing and managing local and systemic complications 30. Discuss infection control procedures relevant to preparation, administration and breakdown of local anesthesia and the necessary equipment 31. Identify indications and contraindications for specific local anesthetic injections 32. Administer local anesthesia safely and effectively 33. Describe the development of analgesia/ inhalation sedation 34. Define and differentiate the indications and contraindications for inhalation analgesia 35. Define the aspect of nitrous oxide/oxygen to respiratory physiology 36. Define the gas laws related to the administration of nitrous oxide/oxygen 37. Describe the utilization of the fail-safe type of machines 38. List the components of nitrous oxide/oxygen delivery and scavenger systems 39. Describe titration of nitrous oxide/oxygen gases 40. Demonstrate proficiency in the use of nitrous oxide/oxygen delivery equipment 41. List contraindications of the use of nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia 42. Recognize adverse reactions and implement appropriate actions 43. Describe prevention and management of nitrous oxide medical emergencies 44. Administer nitrous oxide/oxygen to produce a relative state of analgesia and return the patient to preadministration status

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